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Hodnocení růstové schopnosti telat plemene hereford ve vybraných stádech masného skotu
BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Lenka
The thesis assesses the factors of growth ability of calves in herds of Hereford beef cattle. Herds of six separate breeders were evaluated throughout the years between 2018 and 2021. The total of 1393 purebred calves were included in the assessment. The data was sorted by sex, year and month of birth of the calves, the father of calves and birth order of the mother. The subject of the observation were weights of the calves at birth and at 120, 210 and 365 days.
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Infekční a neinfekční příčiny průjmů telat v období mléčné výživy
MAŇÁKOVÁ, Lucie
Diarrheal diseases are one of the most common diseases of calves. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to evaluate the incidence and causes of (infectious and non-infectious) diarrheal diseases in calves during the dairy feeding period in selected breeding of dairy cattle. From January to December 2022, a total of 276 cases of di-arrhea were evaluated, of which 38% were infectious. Cryptosporidium parvum was determined to be the most common cause of infectious diarrhea using a rapid stable test. Bacterial causes of diarrhea were not diagnosed. The cause of non-infectious diarrheal diseases was deficiencies in colostral nutrition of calves, e.g., late feeding of calves after birth. Management of colostral nutrition in the farm will require cor-rective measures.
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Reprodukce a management chovu vybraných plemen masného skotu
NÁVAROVÁ, Eliška
The literature review presented in the bachelor thesis focuses on the ma-nagement and characterization of cattle breeding, specifically the Aberdeen Angus, Limousin, and Charolais breeds. The following chapter describes ecological ag-riculture, as the thesis includes companies that breed cattle in organic farming. The upcoming chapter of the thesis centers on the reproduction of beef cattle breeds. The aim of this thesis was to conduct a comprehensive and continuous analysis throughout the year by which to evaluate the level of reproduction and ma-nagement. The practical part focuses on evaluation the course of delivery, pregnancy diagnosis results, weight of calves at birth and weaning, and the results from semen examination. The data for this thesis were collected from six companies using ac-companying lists of cattle, animal husbandry records, and bull spermograms. In the conclusion of the thesis, the results are summarized and evaluated. Companies specializing in Limousin and Charolais breeding include their bulls in herd for approximately two months. The company that focuses on breeding Aberdeen Angus has its bulls in herd for most of the year. More frequent occurrence of difficult births was recorded for the Limousin breed at the Rolnická Skalná company, and their number significantly exceeded the average incidence of complicated births for this breed. A higher incidence of di-fficult births was also analyzed for the Charolais breed at the SPO-ZEM Nový Kos-tel company. The number of difficult births recorded at the company specializing in breeding Aberdeen Angus slightly exceeded the breed's average. The highest success rate of pregnancy was found in the companies SPO-ZEM Nový Kostel, Farmy Třebeň, and Anonymu. The Naturland company achieved unsatisfactory levels of pregnancy rates. Companies breeding Limousin achieved lower birth weights, nonetheless the values were satisfactory. Weaning weights of calves in these companies were suita-ble. Companies focused on breeding Charolais achieved unsatisfactory average birth weight values but excellent weaning weight values. For the Aberdeen Angus breed, satisfactory average weaning weight was achieved for heifers, while the weight of bulls was lower than usual for the breed. From the total of 12 monitored bulls, all were fertile at the beginning of the breeding season, infertility was diagnosed in three bulls, and one bull had a high number of immobile spermatozoa. In these bulls, a treatment was applied, which was found to be effective only in two breeding males after the third collection. Bulls for which the treatment was ineffective were removed from the breeding pro-gram.
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Vliv teploty vzduchu na chování holštýnských telat ve venkovních individuálních boxech
Vaculíková, Martina
The aim of this diploma thesis was evaluating the influence of temperature of the air on the behaviour of Holstein calves in individual outdoor calf hutches. The experimental part of this thesis has been performed on university's dairy facility Žabčice. Among the analyzed behavioural manifestations were included especially the time spent lying down or standing, outside or inside the hutch. Impact of bodyweight, age, treated or untreated bedding on calves' vital signs were also evaluated. When evaluating the time spent lying down, the laterality was taken into account. In the context of obtained results it can be said that the temperature is important factor, when evaluating its effect on Holstein cal-ves behaviour in invididual hutches. But more important factor affecting calves behavior is their weight and age.
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Postnatální změny vybraných krevních parametrů
TRUHLÁŘOVÁ, Nela
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to evaluate changes in hematological parameters in the postnatal period of calves. The literature review describes blood composition, physical properties of blood, hematological parameters and cryptosporidia, which are occurs commonly found in calves. We included 18 calves of holstein cattle and czech calves in the experiments red-spotted cattle, which we divided into two groups according to age. Observation started at 20 days of calf age and ended at 300 days of calf age. The results show that that hematological parameters change in postnatal calves. Concentration erythrocytes increased from birth to 140 days of age, but then with increasing age of calves there was a gradual decrease in the concentration of erythrocytes (from 10,35 × 1012/L at 7,45 × 1012/L).The hematocrit value (from 0,34 l/l to 0,27 l/l), hemoglobin concentration (from 133 ? g/l to 106 ? g/l) and mean erythrocyte volume had similar dynamics, (from 35,57 ? 1,44 fl to 33,12 fl). The leukocyte count in group 2 was in the refer-ence range for adult cattle (8,68 ? to 12,96 ? G/l), but in group 1 (c. parvum, c. bo-vis) they exceeded the reference range, especially in the period between 160.-180. bot-tom (12,96 G/l). The most stable percentage was lymphocytes, which accounted for 59,55 to 78,26% of the total number. In contrast, neutrophilic granulocytes had a signifi-cant tendency to decrease (from 31,70% to 14,53%). Anyway thus, there was a gradual percentage decrease in monocytes (from 9,17% to 7,51%). Platelet counts fluctuated slightly, but the average proportion ranged between 631,83-652,21 G/l.
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Vliv kvality kolostra na pasivní imunitu telat
ŠEFRNOVÁ, Šárka
This bachelor thesis occupies with the impact of quality of colostrum on calf passive immunity. The passive imunity decides about immunity of organism in early phases of its life. The bachelor thesis has two parts - literature reserch and own work, which is results of study and recommendations related to the farm where this study was realized. Own work describe methodes of evaluation of quality of colostrum and level of passive immunity in calves. The expert part of this work deals by the characteristics of the Holstein breed, prenatal care for the mother, calf nutrition, diseases of digestive and respiratory tract, characteristics of colostrum and immunity.
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Influence of probiotic feed supplements on the growth and health calves
ŠEBKOVÁ, Anna
Thesis contains informations about right stabling and nutrition of calfs. It´s include importance of probiotic supplements and their influence to growth and health of cows. Newborns weight in seven days after birth was similar (54 kg) in every of three groups. Significant diferences were registered at the end of these monitoring, in ninety days after birth. First Group witch consumed RumiForm Digest had average wight 126 kg. Groups witch consumed RumiForm Digest with bacteria mixture, had average weight 146 kg. In every monitored groups diarrheal was detected. The biggest frequency was detected at group, witch consumed RumiForm Digest with bacteria mixture. There was detected 9% diarrheal diseases in total 48 calfs. Deads were detected only in the group of calfs whitche eat RumiForm Digest with probiotics during the experiment. Total mortality was less thas 2%. There wasn´t shown influence of probiotics to calfs growth (p-value (calves weight on the 7th day after birth) = 0,63; p-value (calves weight on the 90th day after birth) = 0,31, p-value greater than 0,5), either to calfs health (p-value (comparison of diarrhea rates) = 0,67; p-value (death) = 0,82, p-value greater than 0,5). Can not be said, that the eating of probiotics supplements had pozitive influence to calfs grow and health.
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Ekonomické zhodnocení výživy telat do odstavu
NEJDROVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor's thesis deals with the nutrition of calves until weaning and later the overall economic evaluation of both nutrition and breeding. The nutrition of calves is very important for the future benefits for the health of the calf and its subsequent utility in cattle breeding. For us, the nutrition of every living individual means certain investments. In this case, it is important to evaluate the investment correctly. There should be no shortage of resources for proper nutrition. The bachelor's thesis contains information on the individual nutritional periods of calves, namely colostrum, dairy and plant. It describes the recommended parameters that must be observed in nutrition and feeding technology. The work also deals with the technology of breeding and an overview of serious diseases of calves. Subsequently, the economic evaluation of calf breeding is described here. The bachelor's thesis evaluates the economic side of calf breeding. The company was characterized and the breeding of weaned calves was evaluated from an economic point of view. The final chapter points out several possible solutions to improve the nutrition of calves.
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